Cervical Cancer diagnosis
I. Importance of cervical cancer diagnosis
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide, but early cure rates of over 90% can be achieved through standardized diagnosis. The World Health Organization states that regular screening can reduce cervical cancer mortality by 80%. Currently, four major diagnostic technologies are used in clinics to form a screening network:
II. Four core diagnostic technologies
1. Cervical smear cytology test (TCT)
● Role: The gold standard for detecting precancerous lesions
● Features:✅ Accuracy 70%-90%❗ False negative rate 5%-10%
● Recommendation: Women over 21 years old should be tested every 3 years, and women over 30 years old should also be tested for HPV.
2. Iodine test (Schiller's Test)
● Principle: Normal cervical glycogen turns brown when exposed to iodine
● Operation:
① After exposing the cervix, wipe off the mucus
② Apply iodine solution and observe the non-colored area
● Significance: Locate suspicious lesions and guide accurate sectioning
3. Multiple cervical biopsies + endocervical scraping
● Applicable scenarios:
TCT showed lesions above ASC-US
Abnormal colposcopy
● Operation: Take 4 pieces of tissue at the squamous-columnar junction (3/6/9/12 points) and scrape the cervical mucosa with a scraper and send to the pathologist.
4. Colposcopy
● Advantages:
✔ Magnify 40 times to observe the morphology of cervical blood vessels
✔ Improve the accuracy of slices to 98%
● Limitation: Unable to detect lesions in the cervical canal
III. Recommendations for diagnostic process
1. Initial screening: HPV testing + TCT combined screening
2. Exception handling:
ASC-US/HPV positive → colposcopy
LSIL/HSIL → direct biopsy
3. Confirmation: Histopathological examination is the final basis
4. Expert Tips
● High-risk groups: People infected with HPV, those with multiple sexual partners, and women who smoke need annual screening
● Notes:
✓ Avoid vaginal medication/douche 48 hours before the test
✓ Avoid menstruation period
✓ There may be a small amount of bleeding after the examination, which is normal
● Golden period for treatment: The 5-year survival rate of early cervical cancer can reach 90%, and the cure rate of carcinoma in situ is nearly 100%
Cancer experts from Guangzhou R&F Hospital International Cancer Hospital remind you: Cervical cancer diagnosis can help people detect cervical cancer in time and avoid delaying cervical cancer treatment.
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